BUSFACTOR.TECH
Sample Board Pack

The document your board gets. This one is our demo org, Northwind Engineering. Yours is your repos, sealed the same way.

Board PackBF-NORTHWIN-20260925

Northwind Engineering

Last 180 days · 2026-03-29 to 2026-09-25 UTC

431 commits77 merged PRs9 people1 repo

GradeC63/100 ▲ 1

The verdict

Win, On Record: 9 weeks kept in a row. Working, proven, on record. Take the credit - we brought receipts.

Aisha Patel, Diego Fernandez and Priya Sharma hold 3 areas alone. Rebuilding that knowledge costs €8,930-€26,790.

The Slop Treadmill: 21.6% of AI-delivered code comes back as a bug fix - vs 6.3% for everyone else.

AI-attributed commits37.6%6.5% of merged PRs
AI PR cycle time vs the rest6.5% faster144.0h vs 154.0h medianlow sample: 5 of 20 PRs
AI rework vs human1.00×89.1% vs 88.7% re-edited within 14 dayslow sample: 5 of 20 PRs
Danger-zone areas1of 8 active areas
Protect list, rebuild cost€8,930-€26,790120-360 hours, 3 areas, 3 people

Decisions for the board

  1. Fund 120-360 hours of handover this quarter, starting with payments from Priya Sharma.
  2. Hold AI spend flat until 20 AI PRs have merged, then judge it.
  3. Put this quarter's time behind risk 1: The Slop Treadmill.

The three risks that matter

  1. 1The Slop Treadmill

    21.6% of AI-delivered code comes back as a bug fix - vs 6.3% for everyone else.

    21.6% ai work back as bugs6.3% other work back as bugs0.15 the gap
    • 01kxt2q “feat(api): fix flaky test”docs/architecture.md · re-opened after 11.375d
    • 01kxt2q “fix(payments): fix flaky test”payments/ledger.ts · re-opened after 8.0417d
    • 01kxt2q “fix(infra): tighten validation”infra/queue.ts · re-opened after 6.5833d

    Fix Add a self-review step before AI diffs open a change, and refactor the top bounced paths once - the receipts name exactly which deliveries came back.

  2. 2Bus Factor One

    “payments” has exactly one living maintainer. One goodbye email away from archaeology.

    1 people who know it0.15 review knowledge spread3 files only one reviews

    Fix Put a second pair of hands on “payments” this quarter: pair rotation, review-buddy, and one recorded walkthrough.

  3. 3Unpaid Glue

    One node bridges whole territories of the collaboration graph - nobody wrote that into a role.

    16.41 bridge score (z)7 collaboration links
    • Ben Carter5 shared files
    • Priya Sharma5 reviews
    • Tom Reilly5 reviews

    Fix Decide on purpose: promote the glue into an actual role, or de-load it deliberately. Either move beats waiting for the bridge to close for maintenance.

A

AI adoption vs outcomes

Last 180 days

Not enough AI-attributed delivery to judge the tradeoff yet - 5 AI-attributed PRs against a 20-per-cohort floor.

37.6%of commits (162 of 431)
6.5%of merged PRs (5 of 77)
CohortPRsCycle p50Review wait p50Size p50Re-edited
AI-attributedlow sample5144.0h74.0h241 lines89.1%
Everything else72154.0h101.0h275 lines88.7%
ToolCommitsPRsCycle p50Re-edited
Claude Coden=5545144.0h89.0%
Cursor330-85.7%
Devin110-100.0%
GitHub Copilot640-89.4%

The treadmill: where AI lines get rewritten

  • api/orders.ts508 AI lines · 41 touches · 01kxt2q refactor(api): address review nit
  • api/users.ts383 AI lines · 39 touches · 01kxt2q feat(api): improve error message
  • api/auth.ts406 AI lines · 36 touches · 01kxt2q test(api): handle edge case
  • payments/ledger.ts435 AI lines · 30 touches · 01kxt2q fix(payments): tighten validation
  • infra/config.ts402 AI lines · 29 touches · 01kxt2q test(infra): clean up types
B

Who understands the code

8 active areas
2 Review is not catching it1 The argument zone1 The danger zone1 Unguarded
payments · atlasbus factor 115.0% of change32.3% AI touches100.0% reviewedno doc

Who knows it: Priya Sharma 98.7%

The danger zoneTop-band change (15.0% of shipped work), no doc at all, and a bus factor of 1.Write the doc before the date, not after it. This is the area where one person not showing up costs you the most, and it is the cheapest thing on this list to fix.
infra · atlasbus factor 216.1% of change42.0% AI touches77.8% reviewedno doc

Who knows it: Marcus Webb 63.6%, Ben Carter 35.8%

UnguardedTop-band change with only 77.8% of merged PRs reviewed.Add a second pair of eyes here before the date. One reviewer on the busiest area is the cheapest insurance you can buy.
The argument zoneTop-band change with 0.57 changes-requested round(s) and 0.57 human review comment(s) per reviewed PR.Settle the ownership or the design question before you hand this over. A handover into an unresolved argument fails, and the receiver inherits the argument, not the code.
web · atlasbus factor 214.5% of change38.9% AI touches100.0% reviewedno doc

Who knows it: Elena Kovac 72.5%, Tom Reilly 26.4%

Review is not catching itTop-band rework (92.2% of adding touches re-edited) alongside top-band review volume (3.00 reviews per merged PR).The process is running and not catching. Ask what reviews here actually check - and be ready for the answer to be "the wrong things". A handover here inherits the defect rate.
notifications · atlasbus factor 18.4% of change42.3% AI touches100.0% reviewedno doc

Who knows it: Diego Fernandez 100.0%

Review is not catching itTop-band rework (96.2% of adding touches re-edited) alongside top-band review volume (2.90 reviews per merged PR).The process is running and not catching. Ask what reviews here actually check - and be ready for the answer to be "the wrong things". A handover here inherits the defect rate.

Leave alone api (bus factor 2, 88.2% reviewed)

C

Who you cannot lose

3 people · €8,930-€26,790 to rebuild
Aisha PatelSole owner: tests
Diego FernandezSole owner: notifications
Priya SharmaSole owner: payments

What breaks without them

Priya Sharma€2,980-€8,930

1 area orphaned, 2 more at risk.

  • payments hand to Marcus Webb
40-120 hours to rebuild
Aisha Patel€2,980-€8,930

1 area orphaned, 1 more at risk.

  • tests hand to Yuki Tanaka
40-120 hours to rebuild
Diego Fernandez€2,980-€8,930

1 area orphaned, 1 more at risk.

  • notifications nobody to hand to
40-120 hours to rebuild
D

The moves

  1. The Slop Treadmill: Add a self-review step before AI diffs open a change, and refactor the top bounced paths once - the receipts name exactly which deliveries came back.
  2. Bus Factor One: Put a second pair of hands on “payments” this quarter: pair rotation, review-buddy, and one recorded walkthrough.
  3. Unpaid Glue: Decide on purpose: promote the glue into an actual role, or de-load it deliberately. Either move beats waiting for the bridge to close for maintenance.
  4. payments: Write the doc before the date, not after it. This is the area where one person not showing up costs you the most, and it is the cheapest thing on this list to fix.
  5. Hand payments from Priya Sharma to Marcus Webb before either takes leave.
  6. Hand tests from Aisha Patel to Yuki Tanaka before either takes leave.
E

Method and seal

AI-attributed
A commit or PR carrying a co-author trailer, bot identity, agent branch or PR marker. Untagged AI use is not counted, so the share is a floor.
Rework
A line-adding change re-edited by a later commit within 14 days.
Bus factor
The fewest people who together hold 80% of an area's knowledge (authored and reviewed files).
Protect list
Everyone who is the sole owner or the only approver of an area.
Rebuild cost
40-120 hours per orphaned area at the org's loaded cost.
Seal
sha256 over every byte of this document. Same data in, same hash out.
sha256dee2a69c20f154a5e1fd21b8a083d0d9573bd28801e1983e6f167fde9b5d3b10
inputsec64fca0a131846e7972094f7e69797cdcbff88c9e9011ccd17aa7581b5d296f
enginesaiRuleset ai-tools@4 · pack audit_pack_v1 · recoveryEstimator knowledge_recovery@40-120h · restructure restructure_v1 · typology area_typology_v1
as of2026-09-25 UTC

Download the hashed JSON

How to read these numbers (3)
  • Dependency fan-in reads 0: no import graph yet. Run a codegraph pass to unlock the quiet-landmine check.
  • Lockfiles and build output count toward ownership, so a lockfile-heavy area reads as more owned than it is.
  • "Only approver" means the only person who approved in this window, not the only one permitted to.
Busfactor Board Pack · BF-NORTHWIN-20260925sha256 dee2a69c20f1 · re-runs identical · 2026-09-25